Assertive sentences of direct and indirect speech

 It may be noted that if the reported speech contains some permanent fact or universal truth, a habitual fact, a past historical event, some proverbial fact, a social or religious custom, or a report of particular time or action, the tense of the reported speech will not change even if the Reporting speech is in the past tense; as,

Habitual fact:-

Direct speech:

He said, "my mother used to tell us stories."

Indirect speech:

He said that his mother used to tell them stories.

A past historical event:-

Direct speech:

Our teacher said, "Pakistan came into being in 1947."

Indirect speech:

Our teacher said that Pakistan came into being in 1947.

Permanent fact or universal truth:-

Direct speech:

He said,"God is one."

Indirect speech:

He said that God is one.

Permanent fact:-

Direct speech:

She said,"Honesty is the best policy."

Indirect speech:

She said that honesty is the best policy.

Proverbial fact:-

Direct speech:

The professor said, "if wishes were horses, beggars would ride."

Indirect speech:

The professor said if wishes were horses, beggars would ride."

Social or religious custom:-

 Direct speech:

My uncle said, "The Hindus cremate their dead bodies."

 Indirect speech:

My uncle said that the Hindus cremate their dead bodies.